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puzzles/fifteen.c
Simon Tatham 0564c4c4d0 Mines now follows the conventional approach of offering a completely 
blank grid until you make the first click; to ensure solubility, it
does not generate the mine layout until that click, and then ensures
it is solvable starting from that position.

This has involved three infrastructure changes:

 - random.c now offers functions to encode and decode an entire
   random_state as a string
 - each puzzle's new_game() is now passed a pointer to the midend
   itself, which most of them ignore
 - there's a function in the midend which a game can call back to
   _rewrite_ its current game description.

So Mines now has two entirely separate forms of game ID. One
contains the generation-time parameters (n and unique) plus an
encoding of a random_state; the other actually encodes the grid once
it's been generated, and also contains the initial click position.
When called with the latter, new_game() does plausibly normal stuff.
When called with the former, it notes down all the details and waits
until the first square is opened, and _then_ does the grid
generation and updates the game description in the midend. So if,
_after_ your first click, you decide you want to share this
particular puzzle with someone else, you can do that fine.

Also in this checkin, the mine layout is no longer _copied_ between
all the game_states on the undo chain. Instead, it's in a separate
structure and all game_states share a pointer to it - and the
structure is reference-counted to ensure deallocation.

[originally from svn r5862]
2005-05-30 13:10:37 +00:00

839 lines
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/*
* fifteen.c: standard 15-puzzle.
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <math.h>
#include "puzzles.h"
#define TILE_SIZE 48
#define BORDER (TILE_SIZE / 2)
#define HIGHLIGHT_WIDTH (TILE_SIZE / 20)
#define COORD(x) ( (x) * TILE_SIZE + BORDER )
#define FROMCOORD(x) ( ((x) - BORDER + TILE_SIZE) / TILE_SIZE - 1 )
#define ANIM_TIME 0.13F
#define FLASH_FRAME 0.13F
#define X(state, i) ( (i) % (state)->w )
#define Y(state, i) ( (i) / (state)->w )
#define C(state, x, y) ( (y) * (state)->w + (x) )
enum {
COL_BACKGROUND,
COL_TEXT,
COL_HIGHLIGHT,
COL_LOWLIGHT,
NCOLOURS
};
struct game_params {
int w, h;
};
struct game_state {
int w, h, n;
int *tiles;
int gap_pos;
int completed;
int just_used_solve; /* used to suppress undo animation */
int used_solve; /* used to suppress completion flash */
int movecount;
};
static game_params *default_params(void)
{
game_params *ret = snew(game_params);
ret->w = ret->h = 4;
return ret;
}
static int game_fetch_preset(int i, char **name, game_params **params)
{
return FALSE;
}
static void free_params(game_params *params)
{
sfree(params);
}
static game_params *dup_params(game_params *params)
{
game_params *ret = snew(game_params);
*ret = *params; /* structure copy */
return ret;
}
static void decode_params(game_params *ret, char const *string)
{
ret->w = ret->h = atoi(string);
while (*string && isdigit(*string)) string++;
if (*string == 'x') {
string++;
ret->h = atoi(string);
}
}
static char *encode_params(game_params *params, int full)
{
char data[256];
sprintf(data, "%dx%d", params->w, params->h);
return dupstr(data);
}
static config_item *game_configure(game_params *params)
{
config_item *ret;
char buf[80];
ret = snewn(3, config_item);
ret[0].name = "Width";
ret[0].type = C_STRING;
sprintf(buf, "%d", params->w);
ret[0].sval = dupstr(buf);
ret[0].ival = 0;
ret[1].name = "Height";
ret[1].type = C_STRING;
sprintf(buf, "%d", params->h);
ret[1].sval = dupstr(buf);
ret[1].ival = 0;
ret[2].name = NULL;
ret[2].type = C_END;
ret[2].sval = NULL;
ret[2].ival = 0;
return ret;
}
static game_params *custom_params(config_item *cfg)
{
game_params *ret = snew(game_params);
ret->w = atoi(cfg[0].sval);
ret->h = atoi(cfg[1].sval);
return ret;
}
static char *validate_params(game_params *params)
{
if (params->w < 2 && params->h < 2)
return "Width and height must both be at least two";
return NULL;
}
static int perm_parity(int *perm, int n)
{
int i, j, ret;
ret = 0;
for (i = 0; i < n-1; i++)
for (j = i+1; j < n; j++)
if (perm[i] > perm[j])
ret = !ret;
return ret;
}
static char *new_game_desc(game_params *params, random_state *rs,
game_aux_info **aux)
{
int gap, n, i, x;
int x1, x2, p1, p2, parity;
int *tiles, *used;
char *ret;
int retlen;
n = params->w * params->h;
tiles = snewn(n, int);
used = snewn(n, int);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
tiles[i] = -1;
used[i] = FALSE;
}
gap = random_upto(rs, n);
tiles[gap] = 0;
used[0] = TRUE;
/*
* Place everything else except the last two tiles.
*/
for (x = 0, i = n-1; i > 2; i--) {
int k = random_upto(rs, i);
int j;
for (j = 0; j < n; j++)
if (!used[j] && (k-- == 0))
break;
assert(j < n && !used[j]);
used[j] = TRUE;
while (tiles[x] >= 0)
x++;
assert(x < n);
tiles[x] = j;
}
/*
* Find the last two locations, and the last two pieces.
*/
while (tiles[x] >= 0)
x++;
assert(x < n);
x1 = x;
x++;
while (tiles[x] >= 0)
x++;
assert(x < n);
x2 = x;
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
if (!used[i])
break;
p1 = i;
for (i = p1+1; i < n; i++)
if (!used[i])
break;
p2 = i;
/*
* Determine the required parity of the overall permutation.
* This is the XOR of:
*
* - The chessboard parity ((x^y)&1) of the gap square. The
* bottom right counts as even.
*
* - The parity of n. (The target permutation is 1,...,n-1,0
* rather than 0,...,n-1; this is a cyclic permutation of
* the starting point and hence is odd iff n is even.)
*/
parity = ((X(params, gap) - (params->w-1)) ^
(Y(params, gap) - (params->h-1)) ^
(n+1)) & 1;
/*
* Try the last two tiles one way round. If that fails, swap
* them.
*/
tiles[x1] = p1;
tiles[x2] = p2;
if (perm_parity(tiles, n) != parity) {
tiles[x1] = p2;
tiles[x2] = p1;
assert(perm_parity(tiles, n) == parity);
}
/*
* Now construct the game description, by describing the tile
* array as a simple sequence of comma-separated integers.
*/
ret = NULL;
retlen = 0;
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
char buf[80];
int k;
k = sprintf(buf, "%d,", tiles[i]);
ret = sresize(ret, retlen + k + 1, char);
strcpy(ret + retlen, buf);
retlen += k;
}
ret[retlen-1] = '\0'; /* delete last comma */
sfree(tiles);
sfree(used);
return ret;
}
static void game_free_aux_info(game_aux_info *aux)
{
assert(!"Shouldn't happen");
}
static char *validate_desc(game_params *params, char *desc)
{
char *p, *err;
int i, area;
int *used;
area = params->w * params->h;
p = desc;
err = NULL;
used = snewn(area, int);
for (i = 0; i < area; i++)
used[i] = FALSE;
for (i = 0; i < area; i++) {
char *q = p;
int n;
if (*p < '0' || *p > '9') {
err = "Not enough numbers in string";
goto leave;
}
while (*p >= '0' && *p <= '9')
p++;
if (i < area-1 && *p != ',') {
err = "Expected comma after number";
goto leave;
}
else if (i == area-1 && *p) {
err = "Excess junk at end of string";
goto leave;
}
n = atoi(q);
if (n < 0 || n >= area) {
err = "Number out of range";
goto leave;
}
if (used[n]) {
err = "Number used twice";
goto leave;
}
used[n] = TRUE;
if (*p) p++; /* eat comma */
}
leave:
sfree(used);
return err;
}
static game_state *new_game(midend_data *me, game_params *params, char *desc)
{
game_state *state = snew(game_state);
int i;
char *p;
state->w = params->w;
state->h = params->h;
state->n = params->w * params->h;
state->tiles = snewn(state->n, int);
state->gap_pos = 0;
p = desc;
i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < state->n; i++) {
assert(*p);
state->tiles[i] = atoi(p);
if (state->tiles[i] == 0)
state->gap_pos = i;
while (*p && *p != ',')
p++;
if (*p) p++; /* eat comma */
}
assert(!*p);
assert(state->tiles[state->gap_pos] == 0);
state->completed = state->movecount = 0;
state->used_solve = state->just_used_solve = FALSE;
return state;
}
static game_state *dup_game(game_state *state)
{
game_state *ret = snew(game_state);
ret->w = state->w;
ret->h = state->h;
ret->n = state->n;
ret->tiles = snewn(state->w * state->h, int);
memcpy(ret->tiles, state->tiles, state->w * state->h * sizeof(int));
ret->gap_pos = state->gap_pos;
ret->completed = state->completed;
ret->movecount = state->movecount;
ret->used_solve = state->used_solve;
ret->just_used_solve = state->just_used_solve;
return ret;
}
static void free_game(game_state *state)
{
sfree(state);
}
static game_state *solve_game(game_state *state, game_aux_info *aux,
char **error)
{
game_state *ret = dup_game(state);
int i;
/*
* Simply replace the grid with a solved one. For this game,
* this isn't a useful operation for actually telling the user
* what they should have done, but it is useful for
* conveniently being able to get hold of a clean state from
* which to practise manoeuvres.
*/
for (i = 0; i < ret->n; i++)
ret->tiles[i] = (i+1) % ret->n;
ret->gap_pos = ret->n-1;
ret->used_solve = ret->just_used_solve = TRUE;
ret->completed = ret->movecount = 1;
return ret;
}
static char *game_text_format(game_state *state)
{
char *ret, *p, buf[80];
int x, y, col, maxlen;
/*
* First work out how many characters we need to display each
* number.
*/
col = sprintf(buf, "%d", state->n-1);
/*
* Now we know the exact total size of the grid we're going to
* produce: it's got h rows, each containing w lots of col, w-1
* spaces and a trailing newline.
*/
maxlen = state->h * state->w * (col+1);
ret = snewn(maxlen+1, char);
p = ret;
for (y = 0; y < state->h; y++) {
for (x = 0; x < state->w; x++) {
int v = state->tiles[state->w*y+x];
if (v == 0)
sprintf(buf, "%*s", col, "");
else
sprintf(buf, "%*d", col, v);
memcpy(p, buf, col);
p += col;
if (x+1 == state->w)
*p++ = '\n';
else
*p++ = ' ';
}
}
assert(p - ret == maxlen);
*p = '\0';
return ret;
}
static game_ui *new_ui(game_state *state)
{
return NULL;
}
static void free_ui(game_ui *ui)
{
}
static game_state *make_move(game_state *from, game_ui *ui,
int x, int y, int button)
{
int gx, gy, dx, dy, ux, uy, up, p;
game_state *ret;
button &= ~MOD_MASK;
gx = X(from, from->gap_pos);
gy = Y(from, from->gap_pos);
if (button == CURSOR_RIGHT && gx > 0)
dx = gx - 1, dy = gy;
else if (button == CURSOR_LEFT && gx < from->w-1)
dx = gx + 1, dy = gy;
else if (button == CURSOR_DOWN && gy > 0)
dy = gy - 1, dx = gx;
else if (button == CURSOR_UP && gy < from->h-1)
dy = gy + 1, dx = gx;
else if (button == LEFT_BUTTON) {
dx = FROMCOORD(x);
dy = FROMCOORD(y);
if (dx < 0 || dx >= from->w || dy < 0 || dy >= from->h)
return NULL; /* out of bounds */
/*
* Any click location should be equal to the gap location
* in _precisely_ one coordinate.
*/
if ((dx == gx && dy == gy) || (dx != gx && dy != gy))
return NULL;
} else
return NULL; /* no move */
/*
* Find the unit displacement from the original gap
* position towards this one.
*/
ux = (dx < gx ? -1 : dx > gx ? +1 : 0);
uy = (dy < gy ? -1 : dy > gy ? +1 : 0);
up = C(from, ux, uy);
ret = dup_game(from);
ret->just_used_solve = FALSE; /* zero this in a hurry */
ret->gap_pos = C(from, dx, dy);
assert(ret->gap_pos >= 0 && ret->gap_pos < ret->n);
ret->tiles[ret->gap_pos] = 0;
for (p = from->gap_pos; p != ret->gap_pos; p += up) {
assert(p >= 0 && p < from->n);
ret->tiles[p] = from->tiles[p + up];
ret->movecount++;
}
/*
* See if the game has been completed.
*/
if (!ret->completed) {
ret->completed = ret->movecount;
for (p = 0; p < ret->n; p++)
if (ret->tiles[p] != (p < ret->n-1 ? p+1 : 0))
ret->completed = 0;
}
return ret;
}
/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Drawing routines.
*/
struct game_drawstate {
int started;
int w, h, bgcolour;
int *tiles;
};
static void game_size(game_params *params, int *x, int *y)
{
*x = TILE_SIZE * params->w + 2 * BORDER;
*y = TILE_SIZE * params->h + 2 * BORDER;
}
static float *game_colours(frontend *fe, game_state *state, int *ncolours)
{
float *ret = snewn(3 * NCOLOURS, float);
int i;
float max;
frontend_default_colour(fe, &ret[COL_BACKGROUND * 3]);
/*
* Drop the background colour so that the highlight is
* noticeably brighter than it while still being under 1.
*/
max = ret[COL_BACKGROUND*3];
for (i = 1; i < 3; i++)
if (ret[COL_BACKGROUND*3+i] > max)
max = ret[COL_BACKGROUND*3+i];
if (max * 1.2F > 1.0F) {
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
ret[COL_BACKGROUND*3+i] /= (max * 1.2F);
}
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
ret[COL_HIGHLIGHT * 3 + i] = ret[COL_BACKGROUND * 3 + i] * 1.2F;
ret[COL_LOWLIGHT * 3 + i] = ret[COL_BACKGROUND * 3 + i] * 0.8F;
ret[COL_TEXT * 3 + i] = 0.0;
}
*ncolours = NCOLOURS;
return ret;
}
static game_drawstate *game_new_drawstate(game_state *state)
{
struct game_drawstate *ds = snew(struct game_drawstate);
int i;
ds->started = FALSE;
ds->w = state->w;
ds->h = state->h;
ds->bgcolour = COL_BACKGROUND;
ds->tiles = snewn(ds->w*ds->h, int);
for (i = 0; i < ds->w*ds->h; i++)
ds->tiles[i] = -1;
return ds;
}
static void game_free_drawstate(game_drawstate *ds)
{
sfree(ds->tiles);
sfree(ds);
}
static void draw_tile(frontend *fe, game_state *state, int x, int y,
int tile, int flash_colour)
{
if (tile == 0) {
draw_rect(fe, x, y, TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE,
flash_colour);
} else {
int coords[6];
char str[40];
coords[0] = x + TILE_SIZE - 1;
coords[1] = y + TILE_SIZE - 1;
coords[2] = x + TILE_SIZE - 1;
coords[3] = y;
coords[4] = x;
coords[5] = y + TILE_SIZE - 1;
draw_polygon(fe, coords, 3, TRUE, COL_LOWLIGHT);
draw_polygon(fe, coords, 3, FALSE, COL_LOWLIGHT);
coords[0] = x;
coords[1] = y;
draw_polygon(fe, coords, 3, TRUE, COL_HIGHLIGHT);
draw_polygon(fe, coords, 3, FALSE, COL_HIGHLIGHT);
draw_rect(fe, x + HIGHLIGHT_WIDTH, y + HIGHLIGHT_WIDTH,
TILE_SIZE - 2*HIGHLIGHT_WIDTH, TILE_SIZE - 2*HIGHLIGHT_WIDTH,
flash_colour);
sprintf(str, "%d", tile);
draw_text(fe, x + TILE_SIZE/2, y + TILE_SIZE/2,
FONT_VARIABLE, TILE_SIZE/3, ALIGN_VCENTRE | ALIGN_HCENTRE,
COL_TEXT, str);
}
draw_update(fe, x, y, TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE);
}
static void game_redraw(frontend *fe, game_drawstate *ds, game_state *oldstate,
game_state *state, int dir, game_ui *ui,
float animtime, float flashtime)
{
int i, pass, bgcolour;
if (flashtime > 0) {
int frame = (int)(flashtime / FLASH_FRAME);
bgcolour = (frame % 2 ? COL_LOWLIGHT : COL_HIGHLIGHT);
} else
bgcolour = COL_BACKGROUND;
if (!ds->started) {
int coords[6];
draw_rect(fe, 0, 0,
TILE_SIZE * state->w + 2 * BORDER,
TILE_SIZE * state->h + 2 * BORDER, COL_BACKGROUND);
draw_update(fe, 0, 0,
TILE_SIZE * state->w + 2 * BORDER,
TILE_SIZE * state->h + 2 * BORDER);
/*
* Recessed area containing the whole puzzle.
*/
coords[0] = COORD(state->w) + HIGHLIGHT_WIDTH - 1;
coords[1] = COORD(state->h) + HIGHLIGHT_WIDTH - 1;
coords[2] = COORD(state->w) + HIGHLIGHT_WIDTH - 1;
coords[3] = COORD(0) - HIGHLIGHT_WIDTH;
coords[4] = COORD(0) - HIGHLIGHT_WIDTH;
coords[5] = COORD(state->h) + HIGHLIGHT_WIDTH - 1;
draw_polygon(fe, coords, 3, TRUE, COL_HIGHLIGHT);
draw_polygon(fe, coords, 3, FALSE, COL_HIGHLIGHT);
coords[1] = COORD(0) - HIGHLIGHT_WIDTH;
coords[0] = COORD(0) - HIGHLIGHT_WIDTH;
draw_polygon(fe, coords, 3, TRUE, COL_LOWLIGHT);
draw_polygon(fe, coords, 3, FALSE, COL_LOWLIGHT);
ds->started = TRUE;
}
/*
* Now draw each tile. We do this in two passes to make
* animation easy.
*/
for (pass = 0; pass < 2; pass++) {
for (i = 0; i < state->n; i++) {
int t, t0;
/*
* Figure out what should be displayed at this
* location. It's either a simple tile, or it's a
* transition between two tiles (in which case we say
* -1 because it must always be drawn).
*/
if (oldstate && oldstate->tiles[i] != state->tiles[i])
t = -1;
else
t = state->tiles[i];
t0 = t;
if (ds->bgcolour != bgcolour || /* always redraw when flashing */
ds->tiles[i] != t || ds->tiles[i] == -1 || t == -1) {
int x, y;
/*
* Figure out what to _actually_ draw, and where to
* draw it.
*/
if (t == -1) {
int x0, y0, x1, y1;
int j;
/*
* On the first pass, just blank the tile.
*/
if (pass == 0) {
x = COORD(X(state, i));
y = COORD(Y(state, i));
t = 0;
} else {
float c;
t = state->tiles[i];
/*
* Don't bother moving the gap; just don't
* draw it.
*/
if (t == 0)
continue;
/*
* Find the coordinates of this tile in the old and
* new states.
*/
x1 = COORD(X(state, i));
y1 = COORD(Y(state, i));
for (j = 0; j < oldstate->n; j++)
if (oldstate->tiles[j] == state->tiles[i])
break;
assert(j < oldstate->n);
x0 = COORD(X(state, j));
y0 = COORD(Y(state, j));
c = (animtime / ANIM_TIME);
if (c < 0.0F) c = 0.0F;
if (c > 1.0F) c = 1.0F;
x = x0 + (int)(c * (x1 - x0));
y = y0 + (int)(c * (y1 - y0));
}
} else {
if (pass == 0)
continue;
x = COORD(X(state, i));
y = COORD(Y(state, i));
}
draw_tile(fe, state, x, y, t, bgcolour);
}
ds->tiles[i] = t0;
}
}
ds->bgcolour = bgcolour;
/*
* Update the status bar.
*/
{
char statusbuf[256];
/*
* Don't show the new status until we're also showing the
* new _state_ - after the game animation is complete.
*/
if (oldstate)
state = oldstate;
if (state->used_solve)
sprintf(statusbuf, "Moves since auto-solve: %d",
state->movecount - state->completed);
else
sprintf(statusbuf, "%sMoves: %d",
(state->completed ? "COMPLETED! " : ""),
(state->completed ? state->completed : state->movecount));
status_bar(fe, statusbuf);
}
}
static float game_anim_length(game_state *oldstate,
game_state *newstate, int dir, game_ui *ui)
{
if ((dir > 0 && newstate->just_used_solve) ||
(dir < 0 && oldstate->just_used_solve))
return 0.0F;
else
return ANIM_TIME;
}
static float game_flash_length(game_state *oldstate,
game_state *newstate, int dir, game_ui *ui)
{
if (!oldstate->completed && newstate->completed &&
!oldstate->used_solve && !newstate->used_solve)
return 2 * FLASH_FRAME;
else
return 0.0F;
}
static int game_wants_statusbar(void)
{
return TRUE;
}
#ifdef COMBINED
#define thegame fifteen
#endif
const struct game thegame = {
"Fifteen", "games.fifteen",
default_params,
game_fetch_preset,
decode_params,
encode_params,
free_params,
dup_params,
TRUE, game_configure, custom_params,
validate_params,
new_game_desc,
game_free_aux_info,
validate_desc,
new_game,
dup_game,
free_game,
TRUE, solve_game,
TRUE, game_text_format,
new_ui,
free_ui,
make_move,
game_size,
game_colours,
game_new_drawstate,
game_free_drawstate,
game_redraw,
game_anim_length,
game_flash_length,
game_wants_statusbar,
};
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