The new Hats tiling generates a lot of clues that are 2-digit numbers.
At large puzzle sizes, the previous clip rectangle didn't quite
include the ends of such a number, meaning that if the number had to
be redrawn in red to highlight an error, the leftmost and rightmost
parts of the text would remain black.
The big mathematical news this month is that a polygon has been
discovered that will tile the plane but only aperiodically. Penrose
tiles achieve this with two tile types; it's been an open question for
decades whether you could do it with only one tile. Now someone has
announced the discovery of such a thing, so _obviously_ this
mathematically exciting tiling ought to be one of the Loopy grid
options!
The polygon, named a 'hat' by its discoverers, consists of the union
of eight cells of the 'Kites' periodic tiling that Loopy already
implements. So all the vertex coordinates of the whole tiling are
vertices of the Kites grid, which makes handling the coordinates in an
exact manner a lot easier than Penrose tilings.
What's _harder_ than Penrose tilings is that, although this tiling can
be generated by a vaguely similar system of recursive expansion, the
expansion is geometrically distorting, which means you can't easily
figure out which tiles can be discarded early to save CPU. Instead
I've come up with a completely different system for generating a patch
of tiling, by using a hierarchical coordinate system to track a
location within many levels of the expansion process without ever
simulating the process as a whole. I'm really quite pleased with that
technique, and am tempted to try switching the Penrose generator over
to it too - except that we'd have to keep the old generator around to
stop old game ids being invalidated, and also, I think it would be
slightly trickier without an underlying fixed grid and without
overlaps in the tile expansion system.
However, before coming up with that, I got most of the way through
implementing the more obvious system of actually doing the expansions.
The result worked, but was very slow (because I changed approach
rather than try to implement tree-pruning under distortion). But the
code was reusable for two other useful purposes: it generated the
lookup tables needed for the production code, and it also generated a
lot of useful diagrams. So I've committed it anyway as a supporting
program, in a new 'aux' source subdirectory, and in aux/doc is a
writeup of the coordinate system's concepts, with all those diagrams.
(That's the kind of thing I'd normally put in a huge comment at the
top of the file, but doing all those diagrams in ASCII art would be
beyond miserable.)
From a gameplay perspective: the hat polygon has 13 edges, but one of
them has a vertex of the Kites tiling in the middle, and sometimes two
other tile boundaries meet at that vertex. I've chosen to represent
every hat as having degree 14 for Loopy purposes, because if you only
included that extra vertex when it was needed, then people would be
forever having to check whether this was a 13-hat or a 14-hat and it
would be nightmarish to play.
Even so, there's a lot of clicking involved to turn all those fiddly
individual edges on or off. This grid is noticeably nicer to play in
'autofollow' mode, by setting LOOPY_AUTOFOLLOW in the environment to
either 'fixed' or 'adaptive'. I'm tempted to make 'fixed' the default,
except that I think it would confuse players of ordinary square Loopy!
This provides a standard way to get a boolean from an environment
variable. It treats the variable as true iff its value begins with 'y'
or 'Y', like most of the current implementations. The function takes a
default value which it returns if the environment variable is undefined.
This replaces the various ad-hoc tests of environment variable scattered
around and mostly doesn't change their behaviour. The exceptions are
TOWERS_2D in Towers and DEBUG_PUZZLES in the Windows front end. Both of
those were treated as true if they were defined at all, but now follow
the same rules as other boolean environment variables.
If you enable -DSTRICT=ON in cmake and also build with clang, it
reports a couple of variables set but not otherwise used. One was
genuinely unused ('loop_found' in loop_deductions in Loopy); the other
is used by debug statements that are usually but not always compiled
out.
If can_configure is false, then the game's configure() and
custom_params() functions will never be called. If can_solve is false,
solve() will never be called. If can_format_as_text_ever is false,
can_format_as_text_now() and text_format() will never be called. If
can_print is false, print_size() and print() will never be called. If
is_timed is false, timing_state() will never be called.
In each case, almost all puzzles provided a function nonetheless. I
think this is because in Puzzles' early history there was no "game"
structure, so the functions had to be present for linking to work. But
now that everything indirects through the "game" structure, unused
functions can be left unimplemented and the corresponding pointers set
to NULL.
So now where the flags mentioned above are false, the corresponding
functions are omitted and the function pointers in the "game" structures
are NULL.
Every grid shape has its own limit, so this involved adding a new
interface between loopy.c and grid.c. The limits are based on ensuring
that the co-ordinate system of the grid doesn't overflow INT_MAX and
neither do the lengths of the face and dot arrays.
Though now I come to look at it I think the actual limits of grid.c are
much lower. Hmm.
This provides a way for the front end to ask how a particular key should
be labelled right now (specifically, for a given game_state and
game_ui). This is useful on feature phones where it's conventional to
put a small caption above each soft key indicating what it currently
does.
The function currently provides labels only for CURSOR_SELECT and
CURSOR_SELECT2. This is because these are the only keys that need
labelling on KaiOS.
The concept of labelling keys also turns up in the request_keys() call,
but there are quite a few differences. The labels returned by
current_key_label() are dynamic and likely to vary with each move, while
the labels provided by request_keys() are constant for a given
game_params. Also, the keys returned by request_keys() don't generally
include CURSOR_SELECT and CURSOR_SELECT2, because those aren't necessary
on platforms with pointing devices. It might be possible to provide a
unified API covering both of this, but I think it would be quite
difficult to work with.
Where a key is to be unlabelled, current_key_label() is expected to
return an empty string. This leaves open the possibility of NULL
indicating a fallback to button2label or the label specified by
request_keys() in the future.
It's tempting to try to implement current_key_label() by calling
interpret_move() and parsing its output. This doesn't work for two
reasons. One is that interpret_move() is entitled to modify the
game_ui, and there isn't really a practical way to back those changes
out. The other is that the information returned by interpret_move()
isn't sufficient to generate a label. For instance, in many puzzles it
generates moves that toggle the state of a square, but we want the label
to reflect which state the square will be toggled to. The result is
that I've generally ended up pulling bits of code from interpret_move()
and execute_move() together to implement current_key_label().
Alongside the back-end function, there's a midend_current_key_label()
that's a thin wrapper around the back-end function. It just adds an
assertion about which key's being requested and a default null
implementation so that back-ends can avoid defining the function if it
will do nothing useful.
It would have helped in the previous commit if I'd tried actually
_playing_ the game, not just admiring it in its initial state. When I
did, I found that lines weren't being fully overdrawn, which turned
out to be because the clip rectangle was being set too narrow.
This is now important due to Ben's changes in the web frontend. On
high-DPI displays, the canvas is the same overall size as before, but
it's scaled up by increasing the game's tilesize rather than the
browser scaling the image after the game redraws.
Loopy ought to have been scaling its line thicknesses all along, but
forgot. Easily fixed.
A grid based on dodecagons with square symmetry. In between dodecagons
there are 4 triangles around 1 square, which resembles a compass rose.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3-4-3-12_tiling
The Rockbox frontend allows games to be displayed in a "zoomed-in"
state targets with small displays. Currently we use a modal interface
-- a "viewing" mode in which the cursor keys are used to pan around
the rendered bitmap; and an "interaction" mode that actually sends
keys to the game.
This commit adds a midend_get_cursor_location() function to allow the
frontend to retrieve the backend's cursor location or other "region of
interest" -- such as the player location in Cube or Inertia.
With this information, the Rockbox frontend can now intelligently
follow the cursor around in the zoomed-in state, eliminating the need
for a modal interface.
This is the main bulk of this boolification work, but although it's
making the largest actual change, it should also be the least
disruptive to anyone interacting with this code base downstream of me,
because it doesn't modify any interface between modules: all the
inter-module APIs were updated one by one in the previous commits.
This just cleans up the code within each individual source file to use
bool in place of int where I think that makes things clearer.
This commit removes the old #defines of TRUE and FALSE from puzzles.h,
and does a mechanical search-and-replace throughout the code to
replace them with the C99 standard lowercase spellings.
Now the flag passed to edsf_merge to say whether two items are the
same or opposite is a bool, and so is the flag returned via a pointer
argument from edsf_canonify.
The latter requires client code to be updated to match (otherwise
you'll get a pointer type error), so I've done that update in Loopy,
which is edsf's only current in-tree client.
encode_params, validate_params and new_desc now take a bool parameter;
fetch_preset, can_format_as_text_now and timing_state all return bool;
and the data fields is_timed, wants_statusbar and can_* are all bool.
All of those were previously typed as int, but semantically boolean.
This commit changes the API declarations in puzzles.h, updates all the
games to match (including the unfinisheds), and updates the developer
docs as well.
This function gives the front end a way to find out what keys the back
end requires; and as such it is mostly useful for ports without a
keyboard. It is based on changes originally found in Chris Boyle's
Android port, though some modifications were needed to make it more
flexible.
Regular hexagons and equilateral triangles in strict alternation, with
two of each interleaved around each vertex.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trihexagonal_tiling
Thanks to Michael Quevillon for the patch.
This allows me to use different types for the mutable, dynamically
allocated string value in a C_STRING control and the fixed constant
list of option names in a C_CHOICES.
gcc objects to this in -pedantic mode, which means other compilers are
technically entitled to object too if they like. Usually I try to
avoid it by putting a dummy value at the end of the enum, but I forgot
in this case.
(And I didn't notice, because _my_ local builds run without -pedantic,
on the grounds that configure.ac autodetects that my system's GTK
headers are not pedantic-clean. Oh well.)
Thanks to Glen Sawyer for reporting it. This is surely a consequence
of separating interpret_move from execute_move - if I'd done things in
the more obvious way, then this bug would never have happened, because
once the autofollow code had gone once round the loop it would find
that the starting edge was no longer in the same state it was looking
for. But since we don't start changing the states of edges until
execute_move(), it's possible for interpret_move() to go round and
round a cycle for ever.
Fortunately, it can _only_ happen if the edge you clicked on was part
of a loop which is the whole of its connected component - i.e. every
vertex in the cycle has degree 2 - and therefore we don't need O(N)
space to detect it (e.g. by recording whether each edge has been
visited already), but instead we can simply check if we've come back
to the starting edge.
This is mostly intended to make play more convenient for grid types
like the new Great-Great-Dodecagonal, and other grids with very
high-degree faces, in which it's annoying to have to spend half a
dozen mouse clicks on filling in a path of edges round the outside of
one of those faces which clearly have to all be set (or clear) if any
one of them is.
For now, the new feature is enabled by yet another of my hacky
environment variables, called LOOPY_AUTOFOLLOW. You can set it to
"off", "fixed" or "adaptive", where "off" is currently the default
(hence, no user-visible change in the default behaviour from this
change). If set to 'fixed', then toggling the state of any edge will
automatically toggle any further edges which are in the same state and
share a degree-2 vertex of the underlying grid design with the
original one. In 'adaptive' mode, the game goes even further, and will
consider outgoing edges in LINE_NO state not to count for purposes of
deciding if a vertex has degree 2.
This is the game for which I bothered to introduce the feature at all.
Because of the large number of grid types, the presets menu was
getting quite unwieldy; but because the grid dimensions for each grid
type are more or less arbitrary, it's still useful to have at least
one reasonably sized example of each grid type. So I've compromised by
moving some of the grid types into a 'More' submenu.
(I'm not particularly wedded to _which_ settings deserve relegation. I
may change my mind and move things about later on.)
To do this, I've completely replaced the API between mid-end and front
end, so any downstream front end maintainers will have to do some
rewriting of their own (sorry). I've done the necessary work in all
five of the front ends I keep in-tree here - Windows, GTK, OS X,
Javascript/Emscripten, and Java/NestedVM - and I've done it in various
different styles (as each front end found most convenient), so that
should provide a variety of sample code to show downstreams how, if
they should need it.
I've left in the old puzzle back-end API function to return a flat
list of presets, so for the moment, all the puzzle backends are
unchanged apart from an extra null pointer appearing in their
top-level game structure. In a future commit I'll actually use the new
feature in a puzzle; perhaps in the further future it might make sense
to migrate all the puzzles to the new API and stop providing back ends
with two alternative ways of doing things, but this seemed like enough
upheaval for one day.
The use of plain numbers was needlessly confusing, and in particular
made it too easy to make unintended changes to the existing Loopy
presets when inserting a new grid enum value anywhere other than at
the end of the list.
But in the course of doing this I realised that, against all
sensibleness, the numeric indices for grid types in grid.h and in
Loopy itself don't match up! Right now I don't want to get sidetracked
into fixing the structural confusion that made that happen in the
first place, but I've at least materialised Loopy's version of the
enum with clearly identifiable LOOPY_GRID_* names.
Officially known as the '3-4-6-12 tiling', according to, e.g.,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3-4-6-12_tiling .
Thanks to Michael Quevillon for contributing this patch (and for
choosing a less hard-to-remember name for the tiling :-).
In commits 24848706e and adc54741f, I revamped the highlighting of
erroneous connected components of those two puzzles' solution graphs
in cases where a non-solution loop existed, so that the largest
component was considered correct and the smaller ones lit up in red.
I intended this to work in the cases where you have most of a correct
solution as one component and a small spurious loop as another (in
which case the latter lights up red), or conversely where your mostly
correct component was joined into a loop leaving a few edges out (in
which case the left-out edges again light up red). However, a user
points out that I overlooked the case where your mostly correct
solution is not all one component! If you've got lots of separate
pieces of path, and one tiny loop that's definitely wrong, it's silly
to light up all but the longest piece of path as if they're erroneous.
Fixed by treating all the non-loop components as one unit for these
purposes. So if there is at least one loop and it isn't the only thing
on the board, then we _either_ light up all loops (if they're all
smaller than the set of non-loop paths put together), _or_ light up
everything but the largest loop (if that loop is the biggest thing on
the board).
Some people don't bother to use the right-click UI action that marks a
line as 'definitely not' rather than the initial default yellow
'unknown'. Previously, Loopy gave those people a UI annoyance for some
classes of mistake they made during solving: it would reliably
highlight a clue square with too _many_ edges around it, but not one
with too few - because in normal right-click-ful play, a clue with too
few LINE_YES only becomes an error when there aren't enough
LINE_UNKNOWN around it to potentially become the remaining YESes in
future.
This change arranges that once the player closes the loop, _then_ we
light up underfilled clues, on the basis that adding any further edge
would be an obvious error, so it's no longer sensible to assume that
the user might be planning to come back and do so.
(It's not a very timely notification of errors - it's easy to imagine
someone making a mistake like this very near the start of play and
only finding out about it when they close the loop at the very end. I
discuss possible improvements in a comment, but I don't think any
improvement avoids that problem completely, so I think it may just be
a form of annoyance that right-click-less players have to live with.)
Loopy differs from the other recently-reworked puzzles in that it
doesn't disallow loops completely in the solution - indeed, one is
actually required! But not all loops are what you wanted, so you have
to be a bit more subtle in what you highlight as an error. And the new
findloop system doesn't make that easy, because it only answers the
question 'is this edge part of a loop?' and doesn't talk about loops
as a whole, or enumerate them.
But since I was working in this area anyway, I thought I might as well
have a think about it; and I've come up with a strategy that seems
quite sensible to me, which I describe in a big comment added in
loopy.c. In particular, the new strategy should make a more sensible
decision about whether to highlight the loop or the non-loop edges, in
cases where the user has managed to enter a loop plus some extra
stuff.
puzzle backend function which ought to have it, and propagate those
consts through to per-puzzle subroutines as needed.
I've recently had to do that to a few specific parameters which were
being misused by particular puzzles (r9657, r9830), which suggests
that it's probably a good idea to do the whole lot pre-emptively
before the next such problem shows up.
[originally from svn r9832]
[r9657 == 3b250baa02a7332510685948bf17576c397b8ceb]
[r9830 == 0b93de904a98f119b1a95d3a53029f1ed4bfb9b3]
new_desc. Oddities in the 'make test' output brought to my attention
that a few puzzles have been modifying their input game_params for
various reasons; they shouldn't do that, because that's the
game_params held permanently by the midend and it will affect
subsequent game generations if they modify it. So now those arguments
are const, and all the games which previously modified their
game_params now take a copy and modify that instead.
[originally from svn r9830]
sprintf in both locations (screen and print) that need it. Fixes a bug
in which clues greater than 9 came out as hex digits in printed
puzzles.
[originally from svn r9765]
conditionalised on !ds->started, so that we still do all the looping
over everything even if we know it's all going to be redrawn. This is
because deciding how much needs redrawing is not the only important
thing in those loops - they also set up arrays like ds->clue_error,
which tell the individual redraw functions _what_ to draw.
Fixes a bug in which, if you start a Loopy game and make moves causing
a clue to light up red for an error and then save your game, loading
the same save file at the start of a Loopy run would fail to highlight
the erroneous clue.
(This commit diff looks large, but actually it changes almost nothing
but whitespace.)
[originally from svn r9751]
basically just so that it can divide mouse coordinates by the tile
size, but is definitely not expected to _write_ to it, and it hadn't
previously occurred to me that anyone might try. Therefore,
interpret_move() now gets a pointer to a _const_ game_drawstate
instead of a writable one.
All existing puzzles cope fine with this API change (as long as the
new const qualifier is also added to a couple of subfunctions to which
interpret_move delegates work), except for the just-committed Undead,
which somehow had ds->ascii and ui->ascii the wrong way round but is
otherwise unproblematic.
[originally from svn r9657]
in the 'unfinished' directory for a while, and has now been finished
up thanks to James Harvey putting in some effort and galvanising me to
put in the rest. This is 'Pearl', an implementation of Nikoli's 'Masyu'.
The code in Loopy that generates a random loop along grid edges to use
as the puzzle solution has been abstracted out into loopgen.[ch] so
that Pearl can use it for its puzzle solutions too. I've also
introduced a new utility module called 'tdq' (for 'to-do queue').
[originally from svn r9379]
midend_status(), and given it three return codes for win, (permanent)
loss and game-still-in-play. Depending on what the front end wants to
use it for, it may find any or all of these three states worth
distinguishing from each other.
(I suppose a further enhancement might be to add _non_-permanent loss
as a fourth distinct status, to describe situations in which you can't
play further without pressing Undo but doing so is not completely
pointless. That might reasonably include dead-end situations in Same
Game and Pegs, and blown-self-up situations in Mines and Inertia.
However, I haven't done this at present.)
[originally from svn r9179]
arrays 'textx' and 'texty' to the game_drawstate but failed to
initialise them in the temporary drawstate used by game_print().
Thanks to Arun Giridhar for spotting this.
[originally from svn r9173]
additions of missing 'static' and explicit 'void' in parameter lists,
plus one or two other things like explicitly casting chars in variadic
argument lists to int and using DBL_MAX if HUGE_VAL isn't available.
[originally from svn r9166]
thereafter read. Most of these changes are just removal of pointless
stuff or trivial reorganisations; one change is actually substantive,
and fixes a bug in Keen's clue selection (the variable 'bad' was
unreferenced not because I shouldn't have set it, but because I
_should_ have referenced it!).
[originally from svn r9164]
to add two kinds of Penrose tiling to the grid types supported by
Loopy.
This has involved a certain amount of infrastructure work, because of
course the whole point of Penrose tilings is that they don't have to
be the same every time: so now grid.c has grown the capacity to
describe its grids as strings, and reconstitute them from those string
descriptions. Hence a Penrose Loopy game description consists of a
string identifying a particular piece of Penrose tiling, followed by
the normal Loopy clue encoding.
All the existing grid types decline to provide a grid description
string, so their Loopy game descriptions have not changed encoding.
[originally from svn r9159]
part that converts from abstract grid coordinates into screen
coordinates. This should speed up window-resizing by eliminating
pointless reiteration of the complicated part of the algorithm: now
when a game_drawstate is renewed, only the conversion into screen
coordinates has to be redone.
[originally from svn r9157]
